Endocrine Abstracts

Multiple factors contribute to the etiology of Graves disease(GD), including genetic and environmental factors.vitamin D is well known in calcium metabolism and has also been shown to be a modulator in innate and adaptive immunity. There is a well-established link between vitamin D deficiency and various autoimmune diseases. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was reported to be common in patients with GD. Whether vitamin D deficiency has a causal relationship with GD remai...

Introduction: T1DM is caused by immune mediated destruction of pancreatic β-cells, leading to partial, or absolute insulin deficiency.The most frequent age of onset is 12 years. IGF-1 is a polypeptide with 70 amino acids and its chemical structure is similar to insulin. IGF-1 is associated with early development and has anabolic effect in adults. IGF-1 regulates many physiological functions, including glucose metabolism, cell survival and proliferation.<p class="abste...

Introduction: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a valuable and cost-effective pre-operative investigation for thyroid nodules. The British thyroid association (BTA) previously recommended two non-neoplastic results 3–6 months apart in aspirates to exclude neoplasia1. However, in recently updated BTA guidelines, repeat aspirates were recommended when there are clinical or ultrasound suspicions2.Aim: The aim of our study ...

Introduction: Ultrasound (US) is an extremely sensitive examination for thyroid nodules. Fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology samples taken with ultrasound guidance, increases accuracy and reduces rates of unsatisfactory samples1. In addition, the immediate assessment of the sample for adequacy by onsite cytopathology is shown to reduce inadequacy rates by most reports2.Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the inadequacy (Thy1...

Introduction: A weekly endocrinology–radiology multidisciplinary (MDT) meeting has been recently introduced in our hospital to discuss indications and suitability of thyroid nodules for fine-needle aspiration (FNA). In a recent 5 years retrospective audit, 80% of thyroids FNAs were performed under ultrasound (US) guidance in our institution with an overall inadequacy (Thy1) rate of 11.1%.Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess whether such a...

Background: Thyroid fine-needle aspiration (FNA) is a safe, valuable and cost effective procedure and is now regarded as the investigation of choice for preoperative assessment of thyroid nodules. The reported sensitivity of thyroid FNA varies from 65 to 98% and the specificity from 73 to 98%.Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of this procedure correlating cytology with histological outcomes, and to audit our practice against standard ...

Background: Worsening hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes may be due to continuous decline in insulin secretion secondary to β-cell dysfunction and decreased insulin sensitivity. The purpose of this prospective cohort study was to evaluate whether early insulin therapy is more advantageous in achieving long-term optimal glycemic control with improved B cell function than oral drugs in the recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods: Sixty conse...

Introduction: Hypokalemia is one of the commonly encountered electrolyte derangements in clinical practice. Numerous conditions and certain medications can trigger hypokalemia such as Piperacillin/Tazobactam, Flucloxacillin, Cephalexin and Vancomycin.Case report: A 72-year-old lady was admitted following a fall sustaining a right neck of femur fracture. Prior to this admission, she was on chemotherapy for non-small cell ...

Background and Aims: Cardiometabolic comorbidity is a well-established complication related to GH hypersecretion. Several studies have highlighted an increased cardiovascular risk in this population. The objective of the current work was to investigate the cardiovascular complications in Tunisian patients diagnosed with acromegaly.Patients and Method: We conducted a retrospective study that included all patients diagnosed with acromegaly who have been fo...

Although cardiovascular disease (CVD) is greatly increased in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), patients typically have apparently healthy lipid profiles. Simple measurement of plasma lipids however does not provide information regarding lipoprotein particle size which in the nondiabetic population is independently predictive of CVD. Plasma lipids and lipoprotein subclasses (using polyacrylamide gel-tube electrophoresis) were studied in reproductive age women with T1DM and comp...